Ubwato bwubushakashatsi bugendaBAMWEInyanja yahise itangira kunyeganyega bikabije, umuvuduko wacyo wagabanutse uva ku ipfundo 15 ugera ku ipfundo 5, nubwo inyanja ituje. Abakozi bahuye ninyanja "idasanzwe itagaragara": inyanja imbere.
Imiraba y'imbere ni iki? Ubwa mbere, reka twumve "sandwich yo mu nyanja."
Imiraba dusanzwe tubona ni "hejuru yumuraba" yikubita hejuru; Ku rundi ruhande, imiraba y'imbere, yihishe mu nyanja y'inyanja - ubucucike bwakozwe n'amazi. Tekereza ku nyanja yo mu nyanja igabanijwemo “sandwich”: igice cyo hejuru ni cyoroshye (ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umunyu wo hasi), naho igice cyo hasi kiremereye (ubushyuhe bwo hasi, umunyu mwinshi). Ihuriro hagati yinzego zombi nubucucike. Iyo imigezi yo mu nyanja igonganye n'imisozi yo mu mazi cyangwa ibirwa, cyangwa iyo umuyaga ukurura amazi yo hejuru, ubucucike bukora nk'umugozi waciwe, bikabyara imiraba y'imbere izamuka ikagwa.
Imiraba y'imbere ifite imbaraga zingana iki? Urahangayikishijwe rwose nizi ngaruka.
Ntukibwire ko imiraba y'imbere nta terabwoba ifite kubera ko yihishe cyane. Imbaraga zabo zirashobora "kuyobora" ibikorwa byinyanja byoroshye:
. “Umutego utagaragara” ku mazi yo mu mazi: Mu gihe cy'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, ubwato bwo mu mazi bwinjiye mu turere tw’imbere bw’imbere bwajugunywe hejuru n’umuyaga w’imivurungano, ugaragaza intego zabo. Uyu munsi, ubwato bwamazi bugenzura "iteganyagihe ryimbere" mbere yo gufata ubwato kugirango wirinde ahantu hateye akaga.
. Uburobyi bwinshi mu nyanja yUbushinwa bwamajyepfo bushingiye kumuraba wimbere kugirango "ugaburire" amafi!
. "Ikizamini kitagaragara" cyubwubatsi bwa Marine: insinga zo mumazi hamwe na platifike yo gucukura amavuta birashobora kwangizwa numuyaga iyo bihuye numuraba wimbere. Nyuma y’amavuta ya peteroli yo mu kigobe cya Mexico ya 2010, abahanga mu bya siyansi bagenzuye byimazeyo ingaruka z’imivumba y'imbere ku ikwirakwizwa ry’amavuta.
Nigute “imiraba y'imbere” ishobora kugaragara?
Mu bihe byashize, abakozi b'abakozi bashingiraga ku “byiyumvo” ku muhengeri w'imbere, ariko ubu tekinoroji yo mu rwego rwo hejuru irahari:
Satelite ya kure yunvikana: Mugukurikirana impinduka zifatika zubushyuhe bwubuso bwinyanja nuburebure, turashobora "gushishoza" imiraba yimbere munsi yubutaka (cyane nko kubona ikintu nigicucu cyacyo);
Oy Amazi yo mu mazi: Submerge ibikoresho byo kugenzura hafi ya thermocline kugirango yandike amplitude n'umuvuduko wumuraba wimbere mugihe nyacyo;
Rob Imashini za robots zo mu mazi: Bafashe amashusho asobanutse neza yumuraba wimbere utwara amazi yinyanja muriBAMWEInyanja.
Frankstar kabuhariwe mugukurikirana inyanja yinyanja, kuremasensor yumwuganabuoy ibisubizo.
Hamwe niterambere ryogukurikirana ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, ubwubatsi bwo mu nyanja, n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu nyanja, ibikoresho byo gukusanya amakuru yizewe kandi yizewe birahinduka ibikorwa remezo bikomeye. Nkumushinga wumwuga wogutezimbere ibyuma byifashishwa hamwe na buoys, Frankstar yiyemeje guteza imbere imikorere ikora neza, yoroshye-yohereza ibicuruzwa bishobora guhuza n’imiterere y’inyanja igoye, kandi igateza imbere ikoreshwa ryayo mubushakashatsi bwa siyansi, ubwubatsi, ingufu, nizindi nzego.
Sura ibyacuurubugakubindi bisobanuro byamakuru, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe, nimpapuro zera tekinike.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-10-2025