Umuyoboro w’amazi hamwe n’umugozi w’amazi bigize inteko ihuza amazi, akaba ariryo pfundo ryingenzi ryo gutanga amashanyarazi n’itumanaho, ndetse nimbogamizi igabanya ubushakashatsi niterambere ryibikoresho byo mu nyanja. Uru rupapuro rusobanura muri make imiterere yiterambere ryumuhuza wamazi, rutangiza amashanyarazi yo mumazi hamwe nibimenyetso byerekana ibisabwa byamazi yo mu mazi, gutondekanya gahunda yuburambe no gukoresha ibice bihuza amazi, kandi byibanda ku isesengura ryibitera kunanirwa mugihe cyo gupima imikorere kumurongo no kwigana kwipimisha igitutu. Shakisha kandi ibisubizo byujuje ubuziranenge kandi byuzuye mubigize umuhuza wamazi wibasiwe n’ibidukikije bigoye byo mu nyanja hamwe n’umuvuduko w’amazi yo mu nyanja, hanyuma utange isesengura ryamakuru hamwe nubufasha bwa tekiniki kubikorwa byizewe hamwe nubushakashatsi bwigenga no guteza imbere ibice bihuza amazi.
Ubwiyongere bw'ubujyakuzimu, igihe cyo kwihangana no gukora imizigo yo mu mazi bwayoboye bwazanye imbogamizi nshya mu ihererekanyamakuru no gutanga ingufu, cyane cyane bimwe mu bikoresho byo mu mazi bizashyirwa mu bikorwa ku muvuduko ukabije w’ibizenga bya Maliana. Umuyoboro w’amazi hamwe n’iteraniro ry’umugozi w’amazi, nkibyingenzi byingenzi byo gutanga amashanyarazi n’itumanaho mu mazi, bigira uruhare mu kwinjira mu nzu idashobora guhangana n’umuvuduko, guhuza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n’ibikoresho bikora, no gutandukanya ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi. Ni "ihuriro" ryo gutanga amashanyarazi no gutumanaho mu mazi, hamwe n "" icyuho "kibuza ubushakashatsi mu bumenyi bwo mu nyanja, guteza imbere umutungo w’inyanja no kurengera uburenganzira bw’inyanja.
1. Gutezimbere umuhuza wamazi
Mu myaka ya za 1950, abahuza amazi batangira kwigwa, babanje gukoreshwa mubikorwa bya gisirikare nkubwato. Ibicuruzwa byakurikiranwe kandi byemewe byakozwe, bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa bya voltage zitandukanye, imigezi nubujyakuzimu. Yageze ku bisubizo bimwe na bimwe byubushakashatsi mubice byimbaraga za reberi yumuriro w'amashanyarazi, icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi na fibre optique mu nyanja yose, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora inganda. Inganda zizwi cyane ku rwego mpuzamahanga zibanda cyane cyane mu Burayi, Amerika ndetse n’ibindi bihugu gakondo byo mu nyanja, nka sosiyete yo muri Amerika TE (SEACON series), Isosiyete yo muri Amerika Teledyne (IMPULSE ikurikirana), isosiyete ya BIRNS yo muri Amerika, Danemark MacArtney ( SubConn ikurikirana), Ubudage JOWO isosiyete nibindi. Aya masosiyete azwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga afite ibicuruzwa byuzuye, umusaruro, kugerageza no kubungabunga. Ifite ibyiza byinshi mubikoresho bidasanzwe, kugerageza imikorere no gusaba.
Kuva muri 2019, Ikoranabuhanga rya Frankstar ryitabira gutanga ibikoresho byo mu nyanja na serivisi zijyanye na tekiniki bijyanye. Twibanze ku kureba inyanja no gukurikirana inyanja. Icyo dutegereje ni ugutanga amakuru yukuri kandi ahamye kugirango twumve neza inyanja yacu nziza. Twakoranye na kaminuza nyinshi zizwi cyane, ibigo ndetse n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi kugira ngo tubahe ibikoresho n’amakuru byingenzi by’ubushakashatsi na serivisi zo mu nyanja. Izi kaminuza n'ibigo bikomoka mu Bushinwa, Singapore, Nouvelle-Zélande, Maleziya, Ositaraliya n'ibindi. Twizere ko ibikoresho na serivisi byacu bishobora guteza imbere ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi neza kandi bigatera intambwe kandi bigatanga inkunga yizewe yibikorwa byose byo kureba inyanja. Muri raporo yabo, urashobora kutubona hamwe nibikoresho byacu. Nicyo kintu cyo kwishimira, kandi tuzakomeza kubikora, dushyira imbaraga zacu mugutezimbere inyanja yabantu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-11-2022